We are using these alias in the reference sheet below

import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import seaborn as sns

Index

1

pd.read_csv(‘data-file.csv’)

Read a CSV file using pandas into a DataFrame

Read a CSV file using pandas into a DataFrame| This method read_csv() reads the data-file.csv using pandas (pd) and returns a DataFrame object. A DataFrame object is similar to table with rows and columns but with lot more advanced data analysis and capabilities.It takes in the input the name of csv file in either single quotes or double quotes and returns output as DataFrame object (df)

2

df.isnull().sum()

Count null values for every column and show total null values per column

Count number of missing values. This method isnull() looks through all the rows and columns in your DataFrame object (df) where there is value missing (null, NaN or NAN) and returns True if there is a missing value and False if not missing .sum() will add up all the missing True values for each columns and rows in your DataFrame. Input is the df object and output is the column name and the count of all null values in that column. If you do df.isnull().sum().sum() you get the total count of all missing (null) values.

3

df = df.dropna()

Drop rows with one or more null values

By default, dropna() will drop any row that has at least one null value in any column.

4

plt.hist(df['column_name'])

Create a histogram plot

The plt.hist() function in Matplotlib is used to create histograms, it takes in DataFrame an array-like object containing the values to be plotted, you can pass in a name of your column you want to plot the data in the ‘column_name’.

5

df.shape

Returns the dimensions (rows, columns) of the DataFrame

df.shape returns the dimensions of a DataFrame as a tuple. It provides two values: (The number of rows, The number of columns)

6

df.columns

Shows all the columns you have in your DataFrame

df.columns returns an Index object containing the column labels of a DataFrame. This allows you to see the names of all the columns in the DataFrame.

7

len(df)

Count the number of rows you have in your DataFrame

len(df) returns the number of rows in a DataFrame. It provides a quick way to determine how many records or observations are present.

8

df.dtypes

Display data type of each column in DataFrame

df.dtypes returns a Series with the data types of each column in a DataFrame. This is useful for understanding the types of data you are working with, such as integers, floats, or objects (strings).

9

sns.barplot(data=df['Make'].value_counts(), orient='h')

Draws a horizontal bar plot using Seaborn library

sns.barplot(data=df['Make'].value_counts(), orient='h') uses the Seaborn library to create a horizontal bar plot. Here’s a breakdown of what it does: df['Make'].value_counts(): This counts the occurrences of each unique value in the ‘Make’ column of the DataFrame df.sns.barplot(...): This creates a bar plot based on the counts, with the counts on the x-axis (since orient=’h’ specifies a horizontal orientation).

10

plt.figure(figsize=(15,10))

Draws a figure with 15 inches wide and 10 inches tall

The line plt.figure(figsize=(15,10)) is used in Matplotlib to create a new figure for plotting with a specified size. plt: Refers to the Matplotlib library alias, which is commonly imported as import matplotlib.pyplot as plt. figure(figsize=(15,10)): Sets the figure size to 15 inches wide and 10 inches tall. This is useful for ensuring that your plots have the desired dimensions, making them clearer and more visually appealing.

11

plt.show()

Show all the figures (plots) created

The line plt.show() in Matplotlib is used to display all the figures that have been created. It renders the plot to the screen, allowing you to view the visualizations you have generated. You typically call plt.show() after defining your plots, including any titles, labels, or legends. Without this command, the plot may not be displayed, especially in non-interactive environments. Note you would also need to have run %matplotlib inline which is a magic command used in Jupyter notebooks to enable the inline display of Matplotlib plots. Make sure to run this command at the beginning of your notebook to activate inline plotting.

12

df[['X', 'Y']].corr()

Calculate Pearson correlation between X and Y columns of data

code snippet df[['X', 'Y']].corr() calculates the correlation matrix between the columns X and Y in the DataFrame df. df[['X', 'Y']]: This selects the columns X and Y from the DataFrame. .corr(): This method computes the Pearson correlation coefficients, which measure the linear relationship between the selected columns. The result will be a 2x2 matrix showing the correlation values between X and Y, as well as each column’s correlation with itself (which is always 1).

13

plt.pie(category_counts, labels=category_counts.index, autopct='%1.1f%%')

Draws a pie chart visualizing proportions of each category

The line plt.pie(category_counts, labels=category_counts.index, autopct=’%1.1f%%’) creates a pie chart using Matplotlib. Here’s a breakdown:

category_counts: This should be a Series or array containing the data for the pie chart (e.g., counts of categories). labels=category_counts.index: Sets the labels for each slice of the pie to the index of the category_counts. autopct='%1.1f%%': Formats the labels to show the percentage with one decimal place. This generates a pie chart visualizing the proportions of each category. The autopct='%1.1f%%' parameter in the plt.pie() function specifies the format for displaying the percentage values on the pie chart slices. %1.1f: This part formats the percentage as a floating-point number with one digit before the decimal and one digit after the decimal point (e.g., 25.0). %%: This represents the literal percent sign % in the output. So, each slice of the pie will show its percentage with one decimal place, like 25.0%.

More coming soon…

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